01 Ultra-low-field MRI 02 Optogenetic fMRI

Blue-Sky Preclinical Imaging Research

Illuminating the brain's inner workings. We deploy optogenetic neuromodulation with functional MRI (fMRI) to causally map brain-wide neural networks, revealing how neurons and circuits give rise to cognition, emotion, and behaviour.

Mission

Decoding Brain Network Dynamics and Properties

The brain's complexity arises from the interactions of billions of neurons connected across vast distances. Our mission is to apply cutting-edge optogenetic fMRI technology to causally dissect how neural activity propagates through long-range axonal connections to orchestrate brain-wide functions. By combining cell-type-specific optogenetic control with whole-brain fMRI and electrophysiology readout, we achieve what no other technique can: causal neural manipulation with brain-wide quantitaive imaging at mesoscale resolution.

Goals

Interrogating the Brain with Light and Imaging

01

Neurons to Brain-wide Dynamics

Map the neural activity propagation characteristics of specific neuronal populations, decoding the fundamental rules governing signal transmission across thalamo-cortical, hippocampal-cortical, cortico-cortical and vestibulo-cortical networks.

02

Resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI) Mechanisms

Uncover the causal neural underpinnings of resting-state functional connectivity, the only non-invasive and whole-brain quantititative functional neuroimaging measure whose origins remains poorly understood.

Findings & Current Achievements

Pioneering Discoveries

Nature Communications (2025)

Rapid Brain-wide Network Dynamics

Demonstrated that single neural activity input can elicit rapid changes to resting-state fMRI connectivity, establishing the first causal link between single neural activity input and large-scale brain network organisation.

Advanced Science (2025)

Traveling Waves Drive Anxiety-Like Behaviour

Discovered that brain-wide spatiotemporally distinct traveling waves drive anxiety-like behaviour via the dorsal hippocampal-prefrontal cortex pathway, revealing a novel circuit mechanism underlying emotional regulation.

Nature Communications (2023)

Thalamic Spindle Oscillations and Memory Consolidation

Revealed how thalamically-initiated spindle oscillatory activities act brain-wide to consolidate associative memory, demonstrating that specific temporal patterns of thalamic activity orchestrate distributed memory networks.

Science Advances (2022)

Astrocyte Dysfunction in Depression

Demonstrated that astrocyte dysfunction drives abnormal resting-state functional connectivity in depression, identifying a non-neuronal cellular mechanism underlying circuit-level pathology in psychiatric disorders.

PNAS (2016, 2017, 2019)

Foundational Optogenetic fMRI Circuit Mapping

Published three landmark papers in PNAS establishing the optogenetic fMRI platform: demonstrating long-range neural activity coordination (2016), discovering that low-frequency hippocampal-cortical activity drives brain-wide resting-state connectivity (2017), and mapping complete brain-wide vestibular pathways (2019).

NeuroImage (2021)

Neural Activity Temporal Pattern Rules

Established that neural activity temporal patterns dictate long-range propagation targets — different stimulation frequencies from the same brain region activate distinct downstream networks, revealing a fundamental principle of brain communication.

Future

Towards Circuit-based Therapeutics

Our future research will leverage the causal circuit maps we have built to develop targeted neuromodulation therapies. By understanding precisely how traveling waves propagate, how single neurons influence brain-wide networks, and how astrocyte-neuron interactions shape functional connectivity, we aim to design circuit-specific interventions for depression, anxiety, and neurodegenerative diseases. We are also extending our platform to investigate how brain circuits reorganise during development, ageing, and disease progression — bridging the gap between fundamental neuroscience discovery and clinical translation.

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